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Some remarks on the source of maimonides x27 plato in guide

Some Remarks on the Source of Maimonides ? Plato in Guide of the Perplexed I In Guide of the Perplexed I Moses Maimonides - explains that people of the ? religious law ? as well as ? philosophers and learned men of the various communities ? should refrain as much as possible from teaching ? the multitude ? not only divine science but also the ? greater part of natural science ? When forced to discuss these subjects he continues whether to address the elite few or to transmit ideas to quali ?ed students in the future philosophers and sages and especially people of the law ought to present di ?cult notions in an indirect manner using ? riddles ? ? metaphors ? and ? similes ? As an example of this type of ?gurative representation Maimonides refers to the image of matter as female and form as male which he attributes to Plato and his predecessors ? Thus Plato and his predecessors called matter al-m dda the female al-unth and form the male al- dhakar ? While Maimonides relates this literary ?gure in Guide I to ? Plato and his predecessors ? he himself uses it in several chapters of his work as well In fact it proved to be quite fruitful in his conceptualization of matter which he considers passive potential de ?cient and receptive of forms the source of corporeal desire and the cause of pain death and I wish to thank Steven Harvey and Angela Ja ?ray for many helpful references com- ments and suggestions See Moses Maimonides Dal lat al- H ? ir ?n S Munk ed with cor- rections and additions by I Joel Jerusalem The Guide of the Perplexed English trans by S Pines Chicago See also Guide preface to part I for the need to conceal natural science as well as divine science For a discussion of Maimonides ? esoteric method in relation to the Greek and Arabic background see most recently S Klein- Braslavy King Solomon and Philosophical Esotericism in the Thought of Maimonides Je- rusalem Hebrew with full bibliography Although this explanation of the need to write or teach philosophy is not stated explic- itly in Guide I it is implicit there and elsewhere e g in Guide preface to part I I - I preface to part III See again Dal la Guide f See again Dal la Guide For the possible referent of ? predecessors ? see below n S Berger M Brocke and I Zwiep eds Zutot - ? Kluwer Academic Publishers Printed in The Netherlands CZutot ?? Philosophy and Science destruction The metaphor of matter and form plays an important role especially in his discussion of evil in Guide III - and is applied frequently in his explication of relevant biblical texts Thus Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden he explains are symbols of form and matter Adam was punished because contrary to the purpose of creation he was ruled by matter and the