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Azrareviewarticle See discussions stats and author pro ?les for this publication at https www researchgate net publication EVOLUTION OF MODERN INSECT CLASSIFICATION A COMPREHENSIVE ACCOUNT Article June CITATION authors including Rahul Kumar Sheodeni Sao C

See discussions stats and author pro ?les for this publication at https www researchgate net publication EVOLUTION OF MODERN INSECT CLASSIFICATION A COMPREHENSIVE ACCOUNT Article June CITATION authors including Rahul Kumar Sheodeni Sao College Magadh University PUBLICATIONS CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Naresh Meshram Indian Agricultural Research Institute PUBLICATIONS CITATIONS SEE PROFILE READS Shashank P R Indian Agricultural Research Institute PUBLICATIONS CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Kolla Sreedevi ICAR- National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources PUBLICATIONS CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects Biodiversity and Biosystematics of Scarabaeidae of Indian subcontinent View project grapevine insect pest management View project All content following this page was uploaded by Shashank P R on December The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded ?le CJ Appl Zool Res - ISSN - EVOLUTION OF MODERN INSECT CLASSIFICATION A COMPREHENSIVE ACCOUNT RAHUL KUMAR SHASHANK P R NARESH M MESHRAM ANOOJ S S AND KOLLA SREEDEVI Division of Entomology ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute Pusa Campus New Delhi- India Division of Germplasm Collection and Characterization ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources Hebbal Bellary Road Bengaluru ?? India Email ID spathour gmail com corresponding author Received December Accepted March ABSTRACT Insects are the most numerous and diverse group of animals in the entire animal kingdom Insect classi ?cation has evolved in di ?erent phases over a considerable period of time There are four di ?erent phases or eras viz the Pre-Linnean Era the Linnean Era the Darwinian Era and the Hennigian Era and other developments Among all eras the Hennigian Era marks a revolutionary shift in classi ?cation of insects with introduction of Phylogenetic Systematics that strictly considers monophyly of di ?erent taxa to decide their respective positions within the tree of classi ?cation Modern classi ?cation of insects is based on knowledge gained from multiple sources like Anatomy Paleontology Molecular Biology and Embryology leading to a more natural and reliable classi ?cation scheme Modern classi ?cation of insects also re ects their phylogeny With new ?ndings and advent of new technologies there is always a scope of change in the existing framework of insect classi ?cation in future KEYWORDS Classi ?cation Insecta Monophyly Phylogeny Systematics INTRODUCTION Being the most evolutionary successful animals on the planet Earth and the most diverse ones insects were never easy to classify Insect classi ?cation has evolved through hundreds of years With advent of new technologies use of molecular tools and discovery of new fossil records insect classi ?cation has been revised from time to time The evolution of modern classi ?cation of insects is often studied under four subheadings as given by ENGEL and KRISTENSEN These subheadings demarcate di ?erent stages of progress in insect classi ?cation that is based on the timeline of a set of changes and progression hence are called eras These stages are the Pre-Linnean Era the Linnean Era the Darwinian Era and the Hennigian Era and other developments ENGEL and KRISTENSEN With transition of one era into another the