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GMDSS GUIDE www.furuno.com Sea Area The radiotelephone coverage of VHF coast st

GMDSS GUIDE www.furuno.com Sea Area The radiotelephone coverage of VHF coast stations in which continuous alerting by Digital Selective Calling (DSC) is available. Sea Area The radiotelephone coverage of MF coast stations in which continuous alerting by Digital Selective Calling is available. Sea Area The coverage of Inmarsat geostationary satellites. Sea Area Area outside A1, A2 and A3, mostly sea area around polar areas G E N E R A L C O N C E P T O F G M D S S G E N E R A L C O N C E P T O F G M D S S Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) has been developed by the maritime nations in the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and is the result of their adoption of amendments made in 1988 to the 1974 International Convention on the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS). Based on recent developments in maritime communications, such as satellites and digital technology, GMDSS is designed to ensure maximum availability of safety-related communication for all passenger ships as well as for cargo vessels of 300 GT and upwards engaged in international voyages.* The goal of GMDSS is to virtually guarantee that complying vessels will be able to communicate with an onshore station at any time, from any location, in case of distress or to exchange safety-related information. *Ships below 300 gross tonnage as well as those that are not engaged in international voyages are subject to the requirements of the administrations of their flag states. SEA AREAS GMDSS defines four sea areas based upon the location and capability of onshore-based communication facilities. The definition of the Sea Areas for GMDSS is outlined below. Please refer to the illustrated layout of the European area indicating the sea areas and coastal stations for quick reference. Example: European GMDSS SEA AREAS GMDSS Sea Areas Medium Frequency (MF), High Frequency (HF) and Very High Frequency (VHF) Coast Radio Station Medium Frequency (MF) and Very High Frequency (VHF) Coast Radio Station Very High Frequency (VHF) Coast Radio Station 1 Comparison between old distress system and GMDSS Reliance on ships in vicinity Special skill to operate Worldwide coverage Simple and automatic operation Equipment compatibility Because of the inherently limited range of transmission on the distress and calling frequencies of 500 and 2182 kHz, which were commonly used for that purpose, there was a possibility that a call for assistance would not be heard if other vessels and coastal stations were outside the range. It was only possible for a vessel in distress to ask other vessels in the vicinity for assistance, due to the limited range of communication means. Worse, the communication incompatibility between a telegraphy vessel and a telephony vessel hindered subsequent Search and Rescue operations. Radio officers had to send distress calls in Morse Code on 500 kHz through complicated operations, which include: switching and/or adjusting the transmitters. A successful distress attempt relied heavily on the skill of the radio officers. GMDSS vessels carry the communications equipment appropriate for the Sea Area they are operating, and have the means to transmit long- range communication whenever necessary. This means that a call for assistance can reach a coastal station, and other ships at a far distance. Since all GMDSS vessels carry standardized equipment for the Sea Area, and they are o p e ra t i n g i n t h e s a m e f re q u e n c i e s, t h e compatibility between the SAR coordinator at a coastal station and a vessel is assured. GMDSS equipment, on the other hand, provides straightforward operation in time of emergency simply by pressing the distress button on the VHF, MF/HF DSC or Inmarsat MES. If this cannot be done, a float-free EPIRB can transmit a distress alert. 2 Carriage/functional requirements for GMDSS General functional requirements for GMDSS System suggestions for GMDSS General requirement for equipment and functions for all ships irrespective of the operating sea area Two-way VHF radiotelephone apparatus Inmarsat EGC receiver Arrangements required only for all passenger ships VHF radiotelephone with DSC and DSC Watch Receiver capable of: International NAVTEX Receiver A distress panel at the conning position If the satellite EPIRB is used as the secondary means of distress alerting and not remotely activated, it is acceptable to have an additional EPIRB installed close to the conning position. Search and rescue locating device (SART: either by radar transponder operating in the 9 GHz band or AIS-SART) 406 MHz EPIRB At least two two-way VHF radiotelephone apparatus required for cargo ships of 300-500 GT At least three two-way VHF radiotelephone apparatus required for all passenger ships and cargo ships of 500 GT and upwards Required if the ships operate within Inmarsat coverage but outside the international NAVTEX service area. However, ships operating exclusively in areas where an HF direct-printing telegraphy maritime safety information service is provided and fitted with equipment capable of receiving such service may be exempted from this requirement. Two-way radiotelephone for on-scene search and rescue communication using frequencies 121.5 MHz and 123.1 MHz Permanently arranged electrical lighting for illuminating the control panel of the radiocommunications equipment Automatic provision of position from an internal or external navigation sensor for all two- way communication equipment that includes ship's position in the distress alert Automatic and continuous update of position for all relevant radiocommunication equipment to be included in the initial distress alert activated through the distress panel ◆ Transmission/reception of DSC on CH 70 (156.525 MHz); ◆ Transmission/reception of radiotelephony on CH 6 (156.300 MHz), CH 13 (156.650 MHz) and CH 16 (156.800 MHz); and ◆ Continuous watch on CH 70 (156.525 MHz) At least one SART required for cargo ships of 300-500 GT At least two SART required for all passenger ships and cargo ships of 500 GT and upwards 1 Transmission of ship-to-shore distress alerts by at least two separate and independent means, using different radiocommunication service; 2 Reception of shore-to-ship distress alerts; 3 Transmission/reception of ship-to-ship distress alerts; 4 Transmission/reception of search and rescue co-ordinating communications; (Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon) Model: FM-8900S Model: NX-700 Model: IC-350 5 Transmission/reception of on-scene communications; 6 Transmission/reception of SART signals for locating; 7 Transmission/reception of maritime safety information; 8 Transmission/reception of general radiocommunications to and from shore-based radio systems or networks; and 9 Transmission/reception of bridge-to-bridge communications. 3 **For areas where there is no coastal radio station handling MF/HF general communications, Inmarsat-C mobile earth station may be used to fulfill the requirement for general communications. MF/HF radiotelephone with built-in DSC/DSC Watch Receiver Additional equipment to be installed on ships operating in the Sea Areas: Maintenance requirement for ships operating in Sea Area and Functional requirements to be fulfilled by FS-xx75: Other functional requirements Note: There is no additional equipment required for ships operating exclusively in the Sea Area A1 ◆ Distress and safety communications on MF (2,187 .5 kHz using DSC* and 2,182 kHz using radiotelephony) *It should be possible that transmission of distress alerts be initiated from the navigation bridge. ◆ Continuous DSC watch on the frequency 2,187 .5 kHz ◆ Transmission and reception of general communications using radiotelephony or direct-printing telegraphy** Transmission of ship-to-shore distress alerts by radio service other than MF (to be fulfilled by 406 MHz satellite EPIRB) In order to ensure the maintenance requirements specified in SOLAS Reg. IV/15, one of the following measures should be taken as may be approved by the flag administrations: • Duplication of equipment; • Shore-based maintenance; or • At sea electronic maintenance capability Please consult with the flag administrations for details. FS-1575/2575/5075 Inmarsat-C Mobile Earth Station FELCOM18 VHF radiotelephone with built-in DSC/DSC Watch Receiver FM-8900S DUPLICATION OF EQUIPMENT REQUIRED FOR SHIPS OPERATING IN SEA AREA A1 and A2 4 MF/HF radiotelephone with built-in DSC/DSC Watch Receiver Inmarsat-C Mobile Earth Station NBDP Terminal Carriage/functional requirements for GMDSS Inmarsat Solution MF/HF Solution Additional equipment to be installed on ships operating in the Sea Areas: Functional requirements to be fulfilled by FELCOM18*: Functional requirements to be fulfilled by FS-xx75* plus IB-585: Functional requirements to be fulfilled by FELCOM18*: ◆ Transmission and reception of distress and safety communications using direct-printing telegraphy ◆ Initiation and reception of distress priority calls ◆ Continuous watch on shore-to-ship distress alerts, incl. those directed to specially defined geographical area ◆ Transmission and reception of general communications using either radiotelephony or direct printing telegraphy ◆ Distress and safety communications on all distress and safety frequencies on MF and HF bands using DSC using radiotelephony using direct printing telegraphy ◆ Continuous DSC watch on 2,187 .5 kHz, 8,814.5 kHz, and on at least one of the distress and safety frequencies: 4,207 .5 kHz, 6,312 kHz, 12,577 kHz or 16,804.5 kHz ◆ Trasnsmission and reception of general radio communications using radiotelephony or direct-printing telegraphy by MF/HF radio installation ◆ Initiation of the transmission of ship-to-shore distress alert by radio services other than HF ◆ Distress and safety communications using the following frequencies: • 2,187 .5 uploads/Management/ gmdss-guide.pdf