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1 DANIEL BARBU Romanian Political Science Review • vol. VII • no. 1 • 2007 Roma

1 DANIEL BARBU Romanian Political Science Review • vol. VII • no. 1 • 2007 Romanian Political Science Review vol. VII, no. 1 2007 2 CONTENTS Romanian Political Science Review • vol. VII • no. 1 • 2007 Romanian Political Science Review The end of the Cold War, and the extinction of communism both as an ideology and a practice of government, not only have made possible an unparalleled experiment in building a democratic order in Central and Eastern Europe, but have opened up a most extraordinary intellectual opportunity: to understand, compare and eventually appraise what had previously been neither understandable nor comparable. Studia Politica. Romanian Political Science Review was established in the realization that the problems and concerns of both new and old democracies are beginning to converge. The journal fosters the work of the first generations of Romanian political scientists permeated by a sense of critical engagement with European and American intellectual and political traditions that inspired and explained the modern notions of democracy, pluralism, political liberty, individual freedom, and civil rights. Believing that ideas do matter, the Editors share a common commitment as intellectuals and scholars to try to shed light on the major political problems facing Romania, a country that has recently undergone unprecedented political and social changes. They think of Studia Politica. Romanian Politica Science Review as a challenge and a mandate to be involved in scholarly issues of fundamental importance, related not only to the democratization of Romanian polity and politics, to the ”great transformation” that is taking place in Central and Eastern Europe, but also to the make-over of the assumptions and prospects of their discipline. They hope to be joined in by those scholars in other countries who feel that the demise of communism calls for a new political science able to reassess the very foundations of democratic ideals and procedures. 3 DANIEL BARBU Romanian Political Science Review • vol. VII • no. 1 • 2007 UNIVERSITY OF BUCHAREST DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE INSTITUTE FOR POLITICAL RESEARCH Romanian Political Science Review vol. VII, no. 1 2007 B U C U R E Ş T I 4 CONTENTS Romanian Political Science Review • vol. VII • no. 1 • 2007 STUDIA POLITICA (ISSN 1582-4551) Romanian Political Science Review is published quarterly by the Institute for Political Research of the Department of Political Science at the University of Bucharest and is printed and mailed by the Nemira Publishing House International Advisory Board Alain BESANÇON (Paris), Dominique COLAS (Paris) Marcel GAUCHET (Paris), Raffaella GHERARDI (Bologna) Guy HERMET (Paris), Hans-Dieter KLINGEMANN (Berlin) Marc LAZAR (Paris), Ronald H. LINDEN (Pittsburgh) Pierre MANENT (Paris), Gianfranco PASQUINO (Bologna) Pierre ROSANVALLON (Paris), Giovanni SARTORI (New York) Charles TAYLOR (Toronto), Vladimir TISMANEANU (College Park, MD) Editor Daniel BARBU Associate Editor Cristian PREDA Assistant Editor Alexandra IONESCU Manuscript Editor Andrei NICULESCU Editorial Board Aurelian CRĂIUŢU (Bloomington), Jean-Michel DE WAELE (Bruxelles) Antoine ROGER (Bordeaux), Daniel-Louis SEILER (Bordeaux) Florin ŢURCANU (Bucureşti), Laurenţiu VLAD (Bucureşti) Editorial Assistants Raluca ALEXANDRESCU, Ionela BĂLUŢĂ, Ruxandra IVAN, Silvia MARTON Damiana Gabriela OŢOIU, Miruna TĂTARU-CAZABAN, Marina TĂTĂRÂM Editorial Staff Graphic Designer Dana MOROIU Manuscript Production Constantin NIŢĂ Manuscript Processing Cornel ALEXANDRESCU © Institutul de Cercet˙ri Politice 5 DANIEL BARBU Romanian Political Science Review • vol. VII • no. 1 • 2007 Contents ARGUMENTUM DANIEL BARBU, The State vs. its Citizens. A Note on Romania, Europe, and Corruption................................................................................................................9 ARTICULI ALEXANDRA PETRESCU, La Roumanie dans les publications belges (1923-1943) .......15 DRAGOŞ DRAGOMAN, Modernizare şi naţionalism: Sibiul la începutul secolului XX. Competiţia elitelor într-un oraş multicultural (1905-1945)..................................31 ALEXANDRA IONAŞCU, Volatilité et stabilisation du personnel gouvernemental. Les cabinets roumains: 1919-1939 et 1989-2004...................................................71 MIHAELA GRANCEA, Dacismul şi avatarurile discursului istoriografic postcomunist ..........................................................................................................95 ALEXANDRU GUSSI, L’anticommunisme en Roumanie (1996-2000) .........................117 RUXANDRA IVAN, Patterns of Cooperation and Conflict: Romanian-Ukrainian Bilateral Relations (1992-2006) ...........................................................................133 SUBSIDIA MIRUNA TĂTARU-CAZABAN, Défendre la paix de la cité. Marsile de Padoue et le problème du consentement politique au XIVe siècle ............................................157 IULIANA CONOVICI, Les pratiques identitaires de l’Église Orthodoxe Roumaine dans le postcommunisme: carnet de route............................................................185 RECENSIONES MIHAELA GRANCEA, ANA DUMITRAN (coord.), Discursuri despre moarte în Transilvania secolelor XVI-XX, Casa Cărţii de Ştiinţă, Cluj-Napoca, 2006 (ANDREI NICULESCU).................................................................................................205 NICOLAE ISAR, Doctrina şi legislaţia junimist-conservatoare în dezbaterile Parlamentului român, 1891-1895, Editura Universităţii Bucureşti, Bucureşti, 2007 (DAN DRĂGHIA).........................................................................................................209 RICHARD STEIGMANN-GALL, The Holy Reich. Nazi Conceptions of Christianity, 1919-1945, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2003 (MIHAELA GHIMICI)..................................................................................................213 GABRIEL BĂDESCU, ERIC M. USLANER (eds.), Social Capital and the Transition to Democracy, New York, Routledge, 2003 (DRAGOŞ DRAGOMAN).........................216 JEAN-FRANÇOIS MURACCIOLE, L’ONU et la sécurité collective, Édition Ellipses, coll. „Le monde: une histoire“, série „Mondes contemporains“, Paris, 2006 (ALEXANDRA PETRESCU) ...........................................................................................225 6 CONTENTS Romanian Political Science Review • vol. VII • no. 1 • 2007 RADU CARP, Proiectul politic european. De la valori la acţiune comună, Editura Universităţii din Bucureşti, Bucureşti, 2006 (IULIANA CONOVICI) .....................228 MIREILLE DELMAS-MARTY, EDGAR MORIN, RENE PASSET, RICCARDO PETRELLA, PATRICK VIVERET (avec la collaboration de CHRISTIAN LOSSON), Pour un nouvel imaginaire politique, Librairie Arthème Fayard, coll. «Transversales», Paris, 2006 (ALEXANDRA PETRESCU).................................231 ABSTRACTS .............................................................................................................237 AUTORES .................................................................................................................243 7 DANIEL BARBU Romanian Political Science Review • vol. VII • no. 1 • 2007 ARGUMENTUM 8 CONTENTS Romanian Political Science Review • vol. VII • no. 1 • 2007 The State vs. its Citizens 9 Romanian Political Science Review • vol. VII • no. 1 • 2007 The State vs. its Citizens A Note on Romania, Europe, and Corruption DANIEL BARBU As maintained by most accounts, both foreign and domestic, Romania is a cor- rupt country. According to journalists, civic activists and public prosecutors alike, everybody having been in high office or currently holding one should be deemed a suspect, if not a would-be offender. The President is indicted for embezzlement of public funds, the trial being in recess for the duration of the mandate. His prede- cessor was also indicted for unlawful use of presidential power. The financial as- sets of the Prime Minister were searched into by the General Attorney’s Office on suspicion of criminal association with a major corporation itself under investiga- tion for fraud. The former head of Government has been already put on trial for subornation. A parliamentary committee contemplated at one time to look into an irregular real estate maneuver allegedly undertook by the Minister of Justice. Many former and serving ministers, as well as numerous members of Parliament, mayors and local councilmen are or have been arraigned for bribery, misappro- priation or mishandling of public property. Although no prominent public official prosecuted for corruption or related of- fences has yet been found guilty as charged after a due process of law, corruption seems to be not just hearsay, uttered by observers with a keen legal and civic sight, repeated by the national press and echoed by European reports, but a genuine brand name of everything Romanian. How is it possible that no top politician or statesman exposed in the media as a venal profiteer of post-communist transition, and summonsed as one by the public prosecution, gets to receive the deserved ret- ribution in court? The most recent response to this frustrating concern is an au- thoritative one, as it was given in February 2006 in a speech of the President of Ro- mania: judges do not usually convict defendants put on trial for corruption be- cause they are themselves corrupt, because they are just one of the components of a wicked and generalized spoils system. Who is not corrupt then? The answer comes from the same source: the prosecutors and the intelligence officers. They are, in the presidential addresses, in the eyes of the media, and according to scores of public intellectuals and civic activists, the indispensable heroes of a swift and reliable ac- commodation in Europe. In order for the country to establish itself successfully in the Union as a dependable member, they should be free to investigate anyone, at any time and costs, and with no regard for legal procedures and civil liberties, which could be considered as mere formal technicalities that the wrongdoers and their defending counsels tend to use and often abuse, in collusion with the judges, with the only purpose to obstruct justice as required by European standards. If they have nothing to hide, if they are honest, law-abiding citizens, why do they bother when their phones are intercepted, when their homes are searched, when they are kept in custody for thirty days, when they are denied access to the evi- dences collected by the prosecution, when their neighbors and friends are interro- gated, when the bank accounts of all their acquaintances are under scrutiny? This candid question summarizes not only what is considered to be the Romanian 10 DANIEL BARBU Romanian Political Science Review • vol. VII • no. 1 • 2007 common wisdom of the pre-accession period, but also the official position of the people in charge of completing the accession. Par for the course, on December 17th, 2005, a reunion of public prosecutors and NGOs representatives, presided over by the President and the Minister of Justice, famously built up to the conclusion that, when it comes uploads/Litterature/ studia-politica-1-2007.pdf