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HOSPITAL PLANNING Col Zulfiquer Ahmed Amin M Phil, MPH, PGD (Health Economics),

HOSPITAL PLANNING Col Zulfiquer Ahmed Amin M Phil, MPH, PGD (Health Economics), MBBS Armed Forces Medical Institute (AFMI) Introduction • The last few decades have seen a spectacular development in the health and hospital consciousness across Bangladesh. • Essential hospital service required for the community, can be met most economically only with adequate thought given to planning, design, construction and operation of health care facilities. • A design expert says, ‘ we have got to design ‘smart’ hospitals that respond to present needs while anticipating future changes’. Hospital Planning • Planning is the forecasting and organizing the activities required to achieve the desired goals. • All successful hospitals, without exception are built on a triad of good planning, good design & construction and good administration. • To be successful, a hospital requires a great deal of preliminary study and planning. • It must be designed to serve people. • It must be staffed with competent and adequate number of efficient doctors, nurses, and other professionals. • A strong management essential for the daily functioning of a facility; must be included in the plans of a new hospital. • Hospital building differs from other building types in the complex functional relationship that exist between the various parts of the hospital. • Apart from providing right environment for patients and care providers, it should also be sensitive to the needs of visitors. • It is thus imperative to examine the emerging issues, analyze the challenges, appreciate the emerging trends and study the various strategic options available for planning, designing and construction of a hospital. Planning involves six questions: • What we expect to do? • Why it will be done? • Where will it be done? • When we expect to do it? • Who all are going to do it? • How will it be done? Emerging Issues Strategic Essentials Healing Architecture: Architecture and design can promote the healing process by giving patients a psychological and physical lift. Intelligent Building: A building that integrates technology and process to create a facility that is safer, more comfortable and productive for its occupants, and more operationally efficient for its owners. Advanced technology—combined with improved processes for design, construction and operations—provide a superior indoor environment that improves occupant comfort and productivity while reducing energy consumption and operations staffing. "Go Green" is a widely used term that can mean something different to everyone. Going green is simply taking steps to "conserve energy, reduce pollution and save money." Impacting Factors Hospital Designing ‘Form follows function’, is a principle associated with modernist architecture and industrial design in the 20th century. The principle is that the shape of a building or object should be primarily based upon its intended function or purpose. Principle of Hospital Planning Factors in Hospital Planning • Community interest over individual interest. • Preventive services over curative services. • Services catering to the weaker sections of the community. • Rural over urban. • Regionalized planning. Hospitals must meet two basic fundamental needs • Must meet the needs of the patients it is gong to serve adequately • It must be in size and proportion which the owner or promoters will be able to build and operate Guiding Principles for Hospital Planning • High quality patient care • Effective community orientation • Economic viability • Sound structural plan Steps of Hospital Planning Components of Hospital Planning Feasibility Study Data Collection Feasibility Study Need Assessment Feasibility Study Feasibility Study Feasibility Study Project Planning and Implementation Project Planning and Implementation Project Planning and Implementation Financial Planning • Fixed Cost: Funds required for construction, furnishing and equipping the hospital. • Recurrent Cost (Operating Funds): Salaries, loans, and interest, other maintenance expenses. Resource Allocation Plan for revenue generation: Patients fees, bed-charges, and other models of revenue generation process Resource Allocation Land Acquisition Project Planning and Implementation Project Planning and Implementation Ancillary care refers to the wide range of healthcare services provided to support the work of a primary physician. These services can be classified into three categories: diagnostic, therapeutic, and custodial. Diagnostic services include laboratory tests, radiology, genetic testing, diagnostic imaging, and more. Support services are departments within our hospital which carry out much of the “behind the scenes” work. The work carried out by these support services ranges from providing food to patients, to maintaining a clean and safe hospital, security etc. Master Plan Construction Plan Space Requirement of Some Basic Deparment Construction Plan Construction Plan Project Planning and Implementation Architect Brief Project Planning and Implementation Strategic Planning Strategic Planning Commissioning Building commissioning: - The process of verifying, in new construction, all of the subsystems for mechanical , plumbing, electrical, fire/life safety, building envelopes, interior systems, co-generation, utility plants, sustainable systems, lighting, wastewater, controls, and building security to achieve the owner's project requirements as intended by the building owner and as designed by the building architects and engineers. - Process by which an equipment, facility, or plant (which is installed, or is complete or near completion) is tested to verify if it functions according to its design objectives or specifications. Commissioning Shakedown Period Conclusion • Technology requirement must be met. • Clinical needs must be considered. • Safety is a major factor. • Standards and guidelines are essential. • Importance of the role of Hospital Staffs in construction and design must be considered. uploads/Ingenierie_Lourd/ hospital-guide.pdf