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IEC 60422 Edition 4.0 2013-01 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Miner

IEC 60422 Edition 4.0 2013-01 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Mineral insulating oils in electrical equipment – Supervision and maintenance guidance Huiles minérales isolantes dans les matériels électriques – Lignes directrices pour la maintenance et la surveillance INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE X ICS 29.040.10 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 978-2-83220-560-0 ® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale ® Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé. This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication – 2 – 60422  IEC:2013 CONTENTS FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................... 4 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 6 1 Scope ............................................................................................................................... 8 2 Normative references ....................................................................................................... 8 3 Terms and definitions ....................................................................................................... 9 4 Properties and deterioration/degradation of oil ............................................................... 10 5 Oil tests and their significance ........................................................................................ 11 5.1 General ................................................................................................................. 11 5.2 Colour and appearance ......................................................................................... 12 5.3 Breakdown voltage ................................................................................................ 12 5.4 Water content ........................................................................................................ 12 5.4.1 General ..................................................................................................... 12 5.4.2 Water in oil ................................................................................................ 12 5.4.3 Water content in the oil/paper-system ........................................................ 14 5.4.4 Interpretation of results.............................................................................. 15 5.5 Acidity ................................................................................................................... 15 5.6 Dielectric dissipation factor (DDF) and resistivity ................................................... 15 5.7 Inhibitor content and oxidation stability .................................................................. 18 5.7.1 Oxidation stability ...................................................................................... 18 5.7.2 Monitoring of uninhibited oils ..................................................................... 18 5.7.3 Monitoring of inhibited oils ......................................................................... 18 5.8 Sediment and sludge ............................................................................................. 18 5.9 Interfacial tension (IFT) ......................................................................................... 19 5.10 Particle count ........................................................................................................ 19 5.11 Flash point ............................................................................................................ 19 5.12 Compatibility of insulating oils ............................................................................... 20 5.13 Pour point ............................................................................................................. 20 5.14 Density .................................................................................................................. 20 5.15 Viscosity................................................................................................................ 20 5.16 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) .......................................................................... 21 5.17 Corrosive sulphur .................................................................................................. 21 5.18 Dibenzyl disulphide (DBDS) .................................................................................. 22 5.19 Passivator ............................................................................................................. 22 6 Sampling of oil from equipment ...................................................................................... 22 7 Categories of equipment ................................................................................................. 23 8 Evaluation of mineral insulating oil in new equipment ..................................................... 23 9 Evaluation of oil in service .............................................................................................. 24 9.1 General ................................................................................................................. 24 9.2 Frequency of examination of oils in service ........................................................... 25 9.3 Testing procedures ................................................................................................ 26 9.3.1 General ..................................................................................................... 26 9.3.2 Field tests.................................................................................................. 26 9.3.3 Laboratory tests ........................................................................................ 27 9.4 Classification of the condition of oils in service ...................................................... 27 9.5 Corrective action ................................................................................................... 27 This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication 60422  IEC:2013 – 3 – 10 Handling and storage ..................................................................................................... 32 11 Treatment ....................................................................................................................... 33 11.1 WARNING ............................................................................................................. 33 11.2 Reconditioning ...................................................................................................... 34 11.2.1 General ..................................................................................................... 34 11.2.2 Reconditioning equipment ......................................................................... 35 11.2.3 Application to electrical equipment ............................................................ 36 11.3 Reclaiming ............................................................................................................ 37 11.3.1 General ..................................................................................................... 37 11.3.2 Reclaiming by percolation .......................................................................... 37 11.3.3 Reclaiming by contact ............................................................................... 38 11.3.4 Renewal of additives ................................................................................. 38 11.4 Decontamination of oils containing PCBs .............................................................. 38 11.4.1 General ..................................................................................................... 38 11.4.2 Dehalogenation processes using sodium and lithium derivatives ............... 38 11.4.3 Dehalogenation processes using polyethylene glycol and potassium hydroxide (KPEG) ...................................................................................... 39 11.4.4 Dehalogenation in continuous mode by closed circuit process ................... 39 12 Replacement of oil in electrical equipment ...................................................................... 39 12.1 Replacement of oil in transformers rated below 72,5 kV and in switchgear and associated equipment ..................................................................................... 39 12.2 Replacement of oil in transformers rated 72,5 kV and above ................................. 39 12.3 Replacement of oil in electrical equipment contaminated with PCB ........................ 40 13 Passivation ..................................................................................................................... 40 Annex A (informative) Evaluating water in oil and insulation................................................. 41 Annex B (informative) Particles ............................................................................................ 43 Annex C (informative) Test method for determination of sediment and sludge ...................... 44 Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 45 Figure 1 – Example of variation in saturation water content with oil temperature and acidity for insulating oil originally conforming to IEC 60296 ................................................... 14 Figure 2 – Example of variation of resistivity with temperature for insulating oils ................... 17 Figure A.1 – Typical correction factors .................................................................................. 41 Table 1 – Tests for in-service mineral insulating oils ............................................................. 11 Table 2 – Categories of equipment ....................................................................................... 23 Table 3 – Recommended limits for mineral insulating oils after filling in new electrical equipment prior to energization ............................................................................................. 24 Table 4 – Recommended frequency of testing a .................................................................... 26 Table 5 – Application and interpretation of tests (1 of 4) ....................................................... 28 Table 6 – Summary of typical actions .................................................................................... 32 Table 7 – Conditions for processing inhibited and/ or passivator containing mineral insulating oils ........................................................................................................................ 35 Table A.1 – Guidelines for interpreting data expressed in per cent saturation ....................... 42 Table B.1 – Typical contamination levels (particles) encountered on power transformer insulating oil as measured using IEC 60970 .......................................................................... 43 This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication – 4 – 60422  IEC:2013 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ____________ MINERAL INSULATING OILS IN ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT – SUPERVISION AND MAINTENANCE GUIDANCE FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non- governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 60422 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 10: Fluids for electrotechnical applications. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition, published in 2005, and constitutes a technical revision. The main changes with respect to the previous edition are as follows: This new edition represents a major revision of the third edition, in order to bring in line this standard with latest development of oil condition monitoring, containing new limits for oil parameters, suggested corrective actions in the tables and new test methods. The action limits for all oil tests have been revised and changes made where necessary to enable users to use current methodology and comply with requirements and regulations affecting safety and environmental aspects. This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication 60422  IEC:2013 – 5 – In addition, this standard incorporates changes introduced in associated standards since the third edition was published. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 10/894/FDIS 10/896/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be • reconfirmed, • withdrawn, • uploads/s1/info-iec60422-ed4-0-b.pdf